Which type of attack involves multiple systems launching a coordinated attack on a target?

The type of attack that involves multiple systems launching a coordinated attack on a target is known as a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. In a DDoS attack, numerous compromised devices, often part of a botnet, work together to overwhelm a target's resources, such as its web servers or network bandwidth. This overwhelming traffic can lead to service interruptions or complete shutdowns, rendering the target inaccessible to legitimate users.

DDoS attacks differentiate themselves by not being executed from a single point but rather from multiple locations concurrently, complicating mitigation efforts and increasing the attack's effectiveness. Understanding DDoS is critical for those studying cybersecurity, as it illustrates the challenges posed by coordinated, multi-faceted threats in today's networked environment.

The other options do not accurately describe this multi-system coordination. Selective Denial of Service refers to targeting specific services instead of utilizing multiple sources. Individual Denial of Service suggests a single system orchestrating the denial; hence, it lacks the distributed aspect. Coordinated Phishing Attack typically involves targeted social engineering tactics rather than overwhelming a service, which doesn't align with the nature of a DDoS.