What type of database stores data in tables related through common data?

A relational database is specifically designed to store data in structured formats organized into tables. Each table consists of rows and columns, where each row represents a unique record and each column represents a specific attribute of that record. The key aspect of a relational database is its ability to establish relationships between different tables through foreign keys. This means that data can be easily linked and retrieved across multiple tables based on common data points, such as user IDs or product IDs.

In contrast, a NoSQL database typically does not rely on a fixed schema and is better suited for unstructured or semi-structured data. A flat file database consists of a single table-like structure without the capability of relationships, making it less flexible for complex queries. An object-oriented database organizes data as objects rather than tables, which is more aligned with object-oriented programming paradigms.

Given these characteristics, the relational database stands out as the correct option for storing data in organized tables related through common data, enabling efficient data management and retrieval through structured queries.