What is an IP address?

An IP address, or Internet Protocol address, serves as a unique numerical label assigned to each device participating in a computer network that utilizes the Internet Protocol for communication. This uniqueness is crucial because it allows devices to identify and communicate with one another within the network, enabling data to be routed and delivered accurately to the correct destination. Each IP address functions similarly to a home address, guiding data packets to the appropriate devices just like mail is directed to specific homes.

In contrast, labeling for web pages on the internet pertains to domain names rather than IP addresses, which are numerical. Identification for user accounts is not related to networking but rather concerns authentication and access management for online services. Lastly, the concept of codes for accessing restricted networks pertains to security protocols, which do not define the fundamental purpose of IP addresses.